Njengoba umhlaba wonke uthambekele ekulondolozweni kwamandla kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, amazwe ahlukene anezidingo ezahlukene zokusebenza kahle kwamandla kwama-motor kagesi, kodwa isiqondiso esijwayelekile sibheke ekusebenzeni kahle kakhulu kanye nokongiwa kwamandla. Ngezansi, siqoqe amazinga okulawula ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ezimoto e-United States, i-European Union, i-Canada, kanye ne-Australia eminyakeni yamuva nje, futhi singathanda ukuwabelana nawe.
IMelika
Ngo-1992, i-US Congress yaphasisa uMthetho we-EPACT, owabeka amanani aphansi okusebenza kahle kwezimoto futhi wawudinga ukuthi zonke izinjini ezisetshenziswayo ezithengiswa e-United States zihlangabezane nezindinganiso ezisanda kusungulwa zokusebenza kahle, okungukuthi amazinga okusebenza kahle kwe-EPACT, kusukela mhla zingama-24 kuMfumfu 1997. Izindinganiso zokusebenza kahle ezishiwo yi-EPACT zaziyisilinganiso sezindinganiso zokusebenza kahle kwezimoto ezikhiqizwa abakhiqizi bezimoto abakhulu e-United States ngaleso sikhathi. Ngo-2001, i-Alliance for Energy Efficiency (CEE) kanye ne-National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) bathuthukise ndawonye amazinga ezimoto ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, ezaziwa ngokuthi amazinga e-NEMA Premium. Izidingo zokusebenza kokuqala zaleli zinga ziyahambisana nalezo ze-EPACT, futhi amazinga ayo okusebenza kahle ngokuyisisekelo abonisa izinga elimaphakathi lama-motor asebenza kahle kakhulu atholakala emakethe yase-US njengamanje, elingamaphesenti angu-1 kuya kwangu-3 aphezulu kunezindinganiso ze-EPACT, futhi ukulahlekelwa kuncishiswa cishe ngo-20% uma kuqhathaniswa nezindinganiso ze-EPACT. Njengamanje, indinganiso ye-NEMA Premium isetshenziswa kakhulu njengendinganiso yokubhekisela yezibonelelo ezinikezwa izinkampani zikagesi ukukhuthaza abasebenzisi ukuthi bathenge amamotho asebenza kahle kakhulu. Amamotho e-NEMA Premium anconywa ukuthi asetshenziswe ezimweni lapho ukusebenza kwaminyaka yonke kungaphezu kwamahora angu-2,000 kanti izinga lomthwalo lingaphezu kuka-75%. Uhlelo lwe-NEMA Premium oluqalwe yi-NEMA luyisivumelwano sokuzithandela semboni. Amalungu e-NEMA kumele asayine lesi sivumelwano futhi ahlangabezane nezindinganiso ngaphambi kokuba asebenzise ilogo ye-NEMA Premium. Amayunithi angewona amalungu adinga ukukhokha imali ethile ukuze asebenzise le logo. Ukunqunywa kokusebenza kahle kwemoto ngaphansi kwe-EPACT kusekelwe kuzinga lokuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwemoto i-IEEE112-B ye-Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers of the United States.
iyuniyani yase-Europe
Maphakathi nawo-1990, i-European Union yaqala ukwenza ucwaningo nokwenza inqubomgomo ngokulondolozwa kwamandla ezimoto. Ngo-1999, uMnyango Wezokuthutha Namandla weKhomishini yaseYurophu kanye ne-European Motor and Power Electronics Manufacturers Association (CE-MEP) bafinyelela esivumelwaneni sokuzithandela ngohlelo lokuhlukaniswa kwezimoto (olubizwa ngokuthi isivumelwano se-EU-CEMEP).
Lesi sivumelwano sahlukanisa amazinga okusebenza kahle kwama-motor, okungukuthi:
I-Eff3 – ama-motor asebenza kahle kakhulu (Lowefficiency);
I-Eff2 – ama-motor athuthukisiwe (okungathuthuki kahle);
I-Eff1 – ama-motor asebenza kahle kakhulu (asebenza kahle kakhulu).
(Ukuhlukaniswa kokusebenza kahle kwamandla ezimoto ezweni lethu kufana nokwe-EU.)
Ngemuva kuka-2006, ukukhiqizwa nokusakazwa kwezinjini zezinga le-eff3 kwavinjelwa. Lesi sivumelwano saphinde sabeka ukuthi abakhiqizi kufanele babhale amanani okuhlonza ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-nameplate yomkhiqizo kanye nephepha ledatha lesampula ukuze abasebenzisi bakhethe futhi bahlonze, okwakwakha nemingcele yokuqala yokusebenza kahle kwamandla ye-EU Motor Energy Product Directive. Isivumelwano se-EU-CEMEP saqaliswa ngemuva kokusayinwa ngokuzithandela yizinkampani ezingamalungu e-CEMEP futhi samukela abakhiqizi, abangenisi kanye nabathengisi abangenabo ubulungu ukuba bahlanganyele. Njengamanje, izinkampani zokukhiqiza ezingu-36 ezihlanganisa i-Siemens yaseJalimane, i-ABB yaseSwitzerland, i-BrookCromton yase-UK, i-Leroy-Somer yaseFrance, njll. ziyahlanganyela, zimboza u-80% womkhiqizo eYurophu. IDenmark inikeza uxhaso lwama-kroner aseDenmark angu-100 noma angu-250 nge-kW kubasebenzisi abathenga izinjini ngokusebenza kahle okuphakeme kunezinga eliphansi. INetherlands inikeza uxhaso lokuthenga kanye nezikhuthazo zentela. I-UK ikhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwemakethe kwezinjini ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kanye neminye imikhiqizo yokonga amandla ngokunciphisa intela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuqaliswa "koHlelo Lokuxhaswa Kokutshalwa Kwezimali Olwandisiwe". Uhulumeni uphinde ahlele uhlelo lokuguqulwa kwemakethe nguMnyango Wezemvelo, Ukudla Nezindaba Zasemakhaya (i-DEFRA) ukuze wethule ngenkuthalo imikhiqizo yokonga amandla, ahlinzeke ngolwazi ngale mikhiqizo, izixazululo zokonga amandla kanye nezindlela zokuklama, njll. kwi-inthanethi.
I-Canada
Ngo-1991, i-Canadian Standards Association kanye ne-Canadian Electrical Manufacturers Association bakha ndawonye indinganiso enconywayo yokusebenzisa kahle amandla amancane ezinjini. Izinkomba zokusebenza kahle zale ndinganiso zaziphansi kancane kunezindinganiso zakamuva ze-US EPACT. Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwenkinga yamandla, iPhalamende laseCanada laphinde laphasisa uMthetho Wokusebenza Kahle Kwamandla (EEACT) ngo-1992, owawuhlanganisa nezindinganiso zokusebenza kahle kwamandla amancane ezinjini. Izinkomba zokusebenza kahle zalezi zimoto zazifana nezezindinganiso ze-US EPACT, futhi indinganiso yabekwa ukuthi iqale ukusebenza ngokusemthethweni ngo-1997. Le ndinganiso iyimpoqo njengoba kusho umthetho, ngakho-ke izinjini ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ziye zakhuthazwa ngokushesha.
Um-Australia
Ukuze kongiwe amandla futhi kuvikelwe imvelo, uhulumeni wase-Australia usebenzise uhlelo olujwayelekile lokusebenzisa amandla noma uhlelo lwe-MEPS lwezinto zasendlini kanye nemishini yezimboni kusukela ngo-1999. Lolu hlelo luphethwe yiHhovisi likaHulumeni wase-Australia leGreenhouse Gas ngokubambisana ne-Australian Standards Commission. I-Australia ifake izinjini emkhakheni we-MEPS. Indinganiso edingekayo yezinjini yavunywa futhi yaqala ukusebenza ngo-Okthoba 2001, inombolo ejwayelekile ingu-AS/NZS1359.5. Izinjini ezikhiqizwa futhi ezingeniswe e-Australia naseNew Zealand kumele zihlangabezane noma zidlule izinkomba zokusebenza okuncane ezichazwe kule ndinganiso. Le ndinganiso ingahlolwa kusetshenziswa izindlela ezimbili, ngaleyo ndlela kuchazwe amasethi amabili ezinkomba: isethi eyodwa izinkomba zeNdlela A, ezihambisana nendlela ye-IEEE112-B e-United States; enye isethi izinkomba zeNdlela B, ezihambisana ne-IEC34-2, enamanani afana nalawo e-Eff2 ye-EU-CEMEP. Le ndinganiso ayigcini nje ngokubeka amazinga aphansi okuphoqelelwa kodwa futhi ibeka izinkomba zezimoto ezisebenzayo kakhulu njengezindinganiso ezinconywayo, ikhuthaza abasebenzisi ukuthi bazamukele. Amanani ezinombolo afana nalawo e-EFF1 ye-EU-CEMEP kanye ne-EPACT e-United States.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-14-2026